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China's cuisine has evolved into one of the great cuisines of
the world. For more than 5,000 years, food has played an auspicious role in
nearly all aspects of Chinese society from health and medicine to business and
celebration and it is no less important today. The overall importance of food in
China can't be understated; upon greeting, Westerners will inquire about your
health, the Chinese will ask if you've eaten.
Rich in scenic beauty, China's geography spans a wide spectrum from fertile
plains to high mountains. Its climate is also extremely broad in scope, ranging
from sub-arctic to subtropical with everything in between. This combination of
varied geography, climate and sheer land size produces an extraordinary
cornucopia of fruit, vegetables, meats and seafood, and has evolved into one of
the most interesting, creative and widely enjoyed cuisines of the world.
Emphasis on the freshness, flavor and texture of ingredients is key to fine
Chinese cooking. To get the most out of even simple ingredients, a variety of
techniques is used to highlight and accent food qualities. Quick cooking with a
wok and deep-frying are universal to most styles of cooking in China. You'll
also find other cooking methods such as steaming, roasting, barbecuing, stewing,
poaching and braising used extensively. Many of the coastal and boarder regions
of China have adopted outside influences into their cuisine. In general the
farther south you travel the more tropical the weather, affording better growing
conditions and the lighter and more refined the food tends to be. With harsh
winters and short growing conditions, northern and western regions tend to offer
much heartier cuisine. Traders, missionaries and invading peoples have all had
their persuasion in how gastronomy has evolved in various regions. New world
foods such as tomatoes and corn are now common ingredients throughout China, in
Hong Kong you'll find the use of mayonnaise and chilies have directly influenced
an entire genre of food from Sichuan. In ancient times and even today, those
living in the remote areas didn't travel extensively and there have been few
outside influences from other cultures. The foods they eat and their cooking,
essentially their entire way of life, has been insulated and has remained the
same for countless generations. If you visit these remote places, you'll have a
fascinating opportunity to have a taste of ancient history.
One note for vegetarians or those who don't eat pork – if a dish has an unnamed
meat, that meat is usually pork. Strict vegetarians and vegans will find it hard
to avoid meat or meat products altogether. Some restaurants will simply pick out
the most obvious pieces of meat from their dishes or may use lard in their
cooking. The best way to avoid meat is to tell the service staff you're allergic
to meat or Buddhist. Here are two helpful phrases "I don't eat meat" or "I only
eat vegetables". Mono sodium glutamate (MSG) is also widely used, you can always
ask for none. |
